{"id":8620,"date":"2024-06-04T13:06:25","date_gmt":"2024-06-04T11:06:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rmcpolska.pl\/?p=8620"},"modified":"2024-06-04T13:48:00","modified_gmt":"2024-06-04T11:48:00","slug":"jak-powstaje-aluminium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rmcpolska.pl\/fr\/comment-laluminium-est-il-fabrique\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment l'aluminium est-il fabriqu\u00e9 ?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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L'aluminium est l'un des m\u00e9taux les plus utilis\u00e9s, que l'on retrouve dans de nombreux produits, des canettes de bi\u00e8re aux pi\u00e8ces de voitures et d'avions.<\/span><\/p>

Bien que l'aluminium soit le m\u00e9tal le plus utilis\u00e9 par l'homme apr\u00e8s l'acier, il n'existe pas \u00e0 l'\u00e9tat naturel dans l'environnement et sa production est un processus complexe et gourmand en \u00e9nergie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Les trois \u00e9tapes de la production d'aluminium<\/h3>

Environ 390 millions de tonnes de bauxite sont produites chaque ann\u00e9e dans le monde, dont 85%<\/b> est utilis\u00e9 dans la production d'aluminium.<\/p>

La bauxite n'est pas un min\u00e9ral sp\u00e9cifique, mais une roche s\u00e9dimentaire argileuse, compos\u00e9e principalement d'oxydes d'aluminium hydrat\u00e9s (hydrargilite, b\u00e9mite ou diaspore), qui se forme dans les climats tropicaux et subtropicaux. Les min\u00e9raux associ\u00e9s aux gisements de bauxite sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des min\u00e9raux argileux, de la silice, des oxydes de fer et des hydroxydes. Ils se forment en plus grande quantit\u00e9 dans les sites d'alt\u00e9ration des roches aluminosilicat\u00e9es sous les climats chauds, ce qui explique pourquoi l'exploitation de la bauxite est mieux d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e en Australie, au Br\u00e9sil, en Chine, en Am\u00e9rique centrale, en Afrique, en France et en Gr\u00e8ce. En Pologne, la bauxite se trouve notamment pr\u00e8s de Nowa Ruda, en Basse-Sil\u00e9sie.<\/p>

Apr\u00e8s l'extraction, la bauxite est raffin\u00e9e en alumine, qui est ensuite transform\u00e9e en aluminium.<\/p>

L'aluminium est transform\u00e9 en m\u00e9tal \u00e0 partir du minerai de bauxite en trois \u00e9tapes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00c9tape 1 : Extraction de la bauxite<\/b><\/p>

La bauxite est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement extraite du sol dans des mines \u00e0 ciel ouvert. Seuls trois pays - l'Australie, la Chine et la Guin\u00e9e - repr\u00e9sentent la plus grande partie de la production de bauxite de l'Union europ\u00e9enne. pour 72%<\/b> la production mondiale de bauxite.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n 2022 Production de bauxite \u00e0 la mine<\/title>\r\n <style>\r\n table {\r\n width: 50%;\r\n border-collapse: collapse;\r\n }\r\n th, td {\r\n border: 1px solid black;\r\n padding: 8px;\r\n text-align: right;\r\n }\r\n th {\r\n background-color: #f2f2f2;\r\n }\r\n td:first-child {\r\n text-align: left;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n <table>\r\n <thead>\r\n <tr>\r\n <th>Pays<\/th>\r\n <th>2022 Production de bauxite \u00e0 la mine (tonnes)<\/th>\r\n <th>% en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral<\/th>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <\/thead>\r\n <tbody>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Australie<\/td>\r\n <td>110,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>28.2%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Chine<\/td>\r\n <td>86,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>22.1%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Guin\u00e9e<\/td>\r\n <td>85,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>21.8%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Br\u00e9sil<\/td>\r\n <td>32,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>8.2%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Inde<\/td>\r\n <td>22,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>5.6%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Indon\u00e9sie<\/td>\r\n <td>18,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>4.6%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Russie<\/td>\r\n <td>6,200,000<\/td>\r\n <td>1.6%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Jama\u00efque<\/td>\r\n <td>5,800,000<\/td>\r\n <td>1.5%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Kazakhstan<\/td>\r\n <td>5,200,000<\/td>\r\n <td>1.3%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Arabie Saoudite<\/td>\r\n <td>4,300,000<\/td>\r\n <td>1.1%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Reste du monde<\/td>\r\n <td>15,500,000<\/td>\r\n <td>4.0%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <\/tbody>\r\n <tfoot>\r\n <tr>\r\n <th>Total<\/th>\r\n <th>390,000,000<\/th>\r\n <th>100.0%<\/th>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <\/tfoot>\r\n <\/table>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9fab883 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9fab883\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e46b47c\" data-id=\"e46b47c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d0bfb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d0bfb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L'Australie est le plus grand producteur de bauxite et abrite \u00e9galement la plus grande mine de bauxite au monde, appel\u00e9e Weipa.<\/p><p>La Guin\u00e9e, troisi\u00e8me producteur de bauxite, poss\u00e8de plus de sept milliards de tonnes de r\u00e9serves de bauxite, soit plus que tout autre pays au monde. En outre, la Guin\u00e9e est le plus grand exportateur de bauxite au monde. <b>Autant que 76%<\/b> Les exportations guin\u00e9ennes sont destin\u00e9es \u00e0 la Chine.<\/p><p>Une fois la bauxite extraite du sol, elle est envoy\u00e9e dans une fonderie pour produire de l'alumine, deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9tape du processus de production.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b0d8c4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0b0d8c4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b7e7b2b\" data-id=\"b7e7b2b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8beb949 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8beb949\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>\u00c9tape 2 : Production d'alumine<\/b><\/p>\n<p>En 1890, le chimiste autrichien Carl Josef Bayer a invent\u00e9 un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 r\u00e9volutionnaire pour extraire l'alumine de la bauxite. Aujourd'hui, plus de 100 ans plus tard, <b>environ 90%<\/b> Les fonderies utilisent encore le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 Bayer pour raffiner la bauxite.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); color: var(--the7-base-color); letter-spacing: var(--the7-base-letter-spacing); text-transform: var(--the7-base-text-transform); word-spacing: normal;\">Les quatre \u00e9tapes cl\u00e9s du processus de Bayer :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Min\u00e9ralisation :<\/strong><br>La bauxite est m\u00e9lang\u00e9e \u00e0 de l'hydroxyde de sodium et chauff\u00e9e sous pression. \u00c0 ce stade, l'hydroxyde de sodium dissout s\u00e9lectivement l'alumine de la bauxite, laissant les autres min\u00e9raux comme impuret\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Filtration :<\/strong><br>Les impuret\u00e9s sont s\u00e9par\u00e9es de la solution et filtr\u00e9es, formant un r\u00e9sidu appel\u00e9 boue rouge. Une fois les boues pr\u00e9cipit\u00e9es, l'alun est transform\u00e9 en aluminate de sodium.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pr\u00e9cipitations :<\/strong><br>La solution d'aluminate de sodium est refroidie et pr\u00e9cipit\u00e9e en une forme solide et cristallis\u00e9e d'hydroxyde d'aluminium.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Calcination : <\/strong><br>Les cristaux d'hydroxyde d'aluminium sont lav\u00e9s et chauff\u00e9s dans des calcinateurs pour former de l'oxyde d'aluminium pur - un mat\u00e9riau blanc sableux.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les boues g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par le processus de production d'alumine constituent un grave probl\u00e8me environnemental. Pour chaque tonne d'alumine, les fonderies produisent 1,2 tonne de boues rouges, qui sont stock\u00e9es et dont on ne sait pas tr\u00e8s bien ce qu'il faut faire. Actuellement, il existe plus de <b>trois milliards de tonnes<\/b> de ce mat\u00e9riel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-85c315d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"85c315d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-54c31a2\" data-id=\"54c31a2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b3d23c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b3d23c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La Chine est le deuxi\u00e8me producteur d'alumine et le premier importateur de bauxite, fournissant plus de la moiti\u00e9 de l'alumine mondiale.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-46203eb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"46203eb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0ab797a\" data-id=\"0ab797a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d72357a elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"d72357a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<!DOCTYPE html>\r\n<html lang=\"pl\">\r\n<head>\r\n <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\r\n <title>Production d'oxyde d'aluminium en 2022.<\/title>\r\n <style>\r\n table {\r\n width: 50%;\r\n border-collapse: collapse;\r\n }\r\n th, td {\r\n border: 1px solid black;\r\n padding: 8px;\r\n text-align: right;\r\n }\r\n th {\r\n background-color: #f2f2f2;\r\n }\r\n td:first-child {\r\n text-align: left;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n <table>\r\n <thead>\r\n <tr>\r\n <th>Pays<\/th>\r\n <th>Production d'oxyde d'aluminium en 2022 (tonnes)<\/th>\r\n <th>% en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral<\/th>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <\/thead>\r\n <tbody>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Chine<\/td>\r\n <td>74,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>53%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Australie<\/td>\r\n <td>21,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>15%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Br\u00e9sil<\/td>\r\n <td>11,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>8%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Inde<\/td>\r\n <td>6,800,000<\/td>\r\n <td>5%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Russie<\/td>\r\n <td>3,100,000<\/td>\r\n <td>2%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Allemagne<\/td>\r\n <td>1,900,000<\/td>\r\n <td>1%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Irlande<\/td>\r\n <td>1,900,000<\/td>\r\n <td>1%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Arabie Saoudite<\/td>\r\n <td>1,800,000<\/td>\r\n <td>1%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Ukraine<\/td>\r\n <td>1,700,000<\/td>\r\n <td>1%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Espagne<\/td>\r\n <td>1,600,000<\/td>\r\n <td>1%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Reste du monde<\/td>\r\n <td>15,100,000<\/td>\r\n <td>11%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <\/tbody>\r\n <tfoot>\r\n <tr>\r\n <th>Total<\/th>\r\n <th>139,900,000<\/th>\r\n <th>100%<\/th>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <\/tfoot>\r\n <\/table>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2a46897 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2a46897\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e63e152\" data-id=\"e63e152\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-813a78c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"813a78c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L'oxyde d'aluminium a des applications dans de nombreuses industries, notamment les plastiques, les cosm\u00e9tiques et les produits chimiques. N\u00e9anmoins, l'oxyde d'aluminium <b>85%<\/b> l'aluminium est transform\u00e9 en aluminium.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-98f1543 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"98f1543\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-217cbe7\" data-id=\"217cbe7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1e88a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b1e88a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>\u00c9tape 3 : Production d'aluminium<\/b><\/p>\n<p>L'oxyde d'aluminium est transform\u00e9 en aluminium par r\u00e9duction \u00e9lectrolytique. Outre l'alumine elle-m\u00eame, la production d'aluminium n\u00e9cessite <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/cryolite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>cryolithe<\/b> <\/a>et beaucoup d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); color: var(--the7-base-color); letter-spacing: var(--the7-base-letter-spacing); text-transform: var(--the7-base-text-transform); word-spacing: normal;\">La cryolithe est principalement utilis\u00e9e comme flux r\u00e9ducteur de temp\u00e9rature dans la production \u00e9lectrolytique. <\/span><b><a href=\"https:\/\/rmcpolska.pl\/fr\/achat-de-granules-de-cuivre-et-daluminium\/\">aluminium<\/a><\/b><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); color: var(--the7-base-color); letter-spacing: var(--the7-base-letter-spacing); text-transform: var(--the7-base-text-transform); word-spacing: normal;\">. En raison de sa forte demande et de sa raret\u00e9, un compos\u00e9 synth\u00e9tique est d\u00e9sormais utilis\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); color: var(--the7-base-color); letter-spacing: var(--the7-base-letter-spacing); text-transform: var(--the7-base-text-transform); word-spacing: normal;\">Voici un processus simplifi\u00e9 de production de l'aluminium :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); color: var(--the7-base-color); letter-spacing: var(--the7-base-letter-spacing); text-transform: var(--the7-base-text-transform); word-spacing: normal;\">Dans les fonderies d'aluminium, des centaines de bains \u00e9lectrolytiques et de cellules de r\u00e9duction sont remplis de cryolithe fondue.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>L'oxyde d'aluminium (compos\u00e9 de deux atomes d'aluminium et de trois atomes d'oxyg\u00e8ne) est ensuite plong\u00e9 dans ces bains, o\u00f9 un courant \u00e9lectrique puissant brise la liaison chimique entre les atomes d'aluminium et d'oxyg\u00e8ne.<\/li>\n<li>L'\u00e9lectrolyse d\u00e9pose de l'aluminium liquide pur au fond de la cellule, qui est ensuite purifi\u00e9 et coul\u00e9 dans diff\u00e9rentes formes et tailles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); color: var(--the7-base-color); letter-spacing: var(--the7-base-letter-spacing); text-transform: var(--the7-base-text-transform); word-spacing: normal;\">Le plus grand producteur d'aluminium est la Chine, qui en est \u00e9galement le plus grand consommateur. L'Inde, voisine de la Chine, est le deuxi\u00e8me producteur, mais sa production ne repr\u00e9sente qu'un dixi\u00e8me de celle de la Chine.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-318bd29 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"318bd29\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e2e6c30\" data-id=\"e2e6c30\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a27bdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"a27bdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<!DOCTYPE html>\r\n<html lang=\"pl\">\r\n<head>\r\n <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\r\n <title>2021 Production des fonderies d'aluminium<\/title>\r\n <style>\r\n table {\r\n width: 50%;\r\n border-collapse: collapse;\r\n }\r\n th, td {\r\n border: 1px solid black;\r\n padding: 8px;\r\n text-align: right;\r\n }\r\n th {\r\n background-color: #f2f2f2;\r\n }\r\n td:first-child {\r\n text-align: left;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n <table>\r\n <thead>\r\n <tr>\r\n <th>Pays<\/th>\r\n <th>2021 Production des fonderies d'aluminium (tonnes)<\/th>\r\n <th>% en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral<\/th>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <\/thead>\r\n <tbody>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Chine<\/td>\r\n <td>39,000,000<\/td>\r\n <td>59%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Inde<\/td>\r\n <td>3,900,000<\/td>\r\n <td>6%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Russie<\/td>\r\n <td>3,700,000<\/td>\r\n <td>6%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Canada<\/td>\r\n <td>3,100,000<\/td>\r\n <td>5%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>\u00c9mirats arabes unis<\/td>\r\n <td>2,600,000<\/td>\r\n <td>4%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Australie<\/td>\r\n <td>1,600,000<\/td>\r\n <td>2%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Bahre\u00efn<\/td>\r\n <td>1,500,000<\/td>\r\n <td>2%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Islande<\/td>\r\n <td>880<\/td>\r\n <td>1%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>\u00c9tats-Unis<\/td>\r\n <td>880<\/td>\r\n <td>1%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>Reste du monde<\/td>\r\n <td>9,400,000<\/td>\r\n <td>14%<\/td>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <\/tbody>\r\n <tfoot>\r\n <tr>\r\n <th>Total<\/th>\r\n <th>66,560,000<\/th>\r\n <th>100%<\/th>\r\n <\/tr>\r\n <\/tfoot>\r\n <\/table>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a9c292b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a9c292b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5c96d6f\" data-id=\"5c96d6f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08159d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"08159d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Comme pour la production d'alumine, certains pays qui produisent de la bauxite et de l'alumine produisent \u00e9galement de l'aluminium. Il s'agit notamment de l'Inde, de l'Australie et de la Russie.<\/p><p>En 2022, le march\u00e9 mondial de l'aluminium a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9valu\u00e9 \u00e0 environ <b>245,7 milliards de dollars<\/b>Le march\u00e9 de l'aluminium devrait presque doubler d'ici \u00e0 2030 pour atteindre <b>498,5 milliards de dollars.<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L'aluminium est l'un des m\u00e9taux les plus r\u00e9pandus, que l'on retrouve dans de nombreux produits utilis\u00e9s par l'homme, des canettes de bi\u00e8re aux pi\u00e8ces d\u00e9tach\u00e9es de voitures et d'avions. Bien que l'aluminium soit le m\u00e9tal le plus utilis\u00e9 par l'homme apr\u00e8s l'acier, il n'existe pas \u00e0 l'\u00e9tat naturel dans l'environnement et sa production est un processus complexe et gourmand en \u00e9nergie. Les trois \u00e9tapes de la production d'aluminium...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8626,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8620","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-informacje-podstawowe"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Jak powstaje aluminium? - RMC Polska<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rmcpolska.pl\/fr\/comment-laluminium-est-il-fabrique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak powstaje aluminium? - RMC Polska\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aluminium jest jednym z najcz\u0119\u015bciej u\u017cywanych metali, wyst\u0119puj\u0105cym w wielu u\u017cywanych przez ludzi produktach, od puszki do piwa poprzez cz\u0119\u015bci do samochod\u00f3w oraz samolot\u00f3w. 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